Definitions of CMM Levels

CMM Level 1: Initial

The process is ad hoc. It is not documented or the procedures do not reflect reality. Accountability is not clearly defined. The organization does not plan or provide resources to sustain the process.

Depending on the presence of “heroes” in the workforce to compensate for the absence of a defined process, the process performance may become artificially superior to its natural level.

CMM Level 2: Repeatable

The process is executed. Accountability is partially or implicitly defined. The organization plan and provide resources to sustain the process. Procedures and standards are not rigorously defined or adapted to the organization.

CMM Level 3: Defined

The process is executed and documented. Procedures and standards rigorously describe the process, its goals, roles and responsibilities, and related best practices. The scope and boundaries of the process are clearly defined. Process performance is unknown or unpredictable. Indicators if they exist do not genuinely or completely reflect the key characteristics of process performance and quality.

CMM Level 4: Quantitatively Managed

The process is managed quantitatively. Data is collected and indicators are defined to genuinely reflect the key characteristics of process quality and performance showing how the process accomplishes its goals. Process performance is both understood and predictable.

CMM Level 5: Optimizing

The process is continuously improved. Process strengths and weaknesses are identified. A continuous improvement plan exists that is coordinated with and sponsored by the organization to optimize both the consumption of resources by the organization and the accomplishment of the process goals.